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The Power Wall argues that electricity may become one of the defining constraints of the AI era. As model training, inference, cloud infrastructure, and sovereign AI demand expand, data centers increasingly depend on power availability, grid interconnection, generation capacity, cooling, and permitting. The paper frames power not as a background utility, but as a central constraint layer shaping the pace and geography of AI deployment.
The Power Wall argues that electricity may become one of the defining constraints of the AI era. As model training, inference, cloud infrastructure, and sovereign AI demand expand, data centers increasingly depend on power availability, grid interconnection, generation capacity, cooling, and permitting. The paper frames power not as a background utility, but as a central constraint layer shaping the pace and geography of AI deployment.